An evaluation of public expenditure’s role in promoting technological innovation in Nigeria: A case study of Lagos State (2010–2020)
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Background of the Study :
Public expenditure plays a pivotal role in stimulating technological innovation by funding research, infrastructure, and capacity-building initiatives. In Lagos State, strategic government spending between 2010 and 2020 has been directed toward creating an enabling environment for technology-driven innovation. Investments in ICT infrastructure, innovation hubs, and academic–industry collaborations have aimed to foster a dynamic digital economy (Okonkwo, 2023). Empirical evidence suggests that increased public expenditure on technology can enhance productivity, spur economic diversification, and improve competitiveness (Adeniyi, 2024). However, challenges such as bureaucratic delays, misallocation of funds, and corruption have at times limited the effectiveness of these investments (Chukwu, 2025). This study examines how public expenditure has contributed to technological innovation in Lagos State by analyzing innovation indices, spending patterns, and policy outcomes, with the goal of identifying measures to optimize expenditure for enhanced innovation.
Statement of the Problem
Despite significant public investment in technology, Lagos State has not fully capitalized on its potential to drive innovation. Inefficiencies in fund allocation and bureaucratic obstacles have reduced the impact of technological investments, resulting in lower-than-expected innovation outputs. This gap between expenditure and innovative performance calls into question the effectiveness of current public spending policies. This study seeks to identify the key barriers that limit the role of public expenditure in fostering technological innovation and to assess how these investments can be better managed to stimulate a vibrant digital ecosystem (Okonkwo, 2023; Adeniyi, 2024).
Objectives of the Study:
1. To evaluate the impact of public expenditure on technological innovation in Lagos State.
2. To identify barriers to effective investment in technology.
3. To recommend policy reforms for optimizing expenditure.
Research Questions:
1. How does public expenditure affect technological innovation?
2. What factors hinder the effective use of technology funds?
3. What measures can enhance innovation outcomes?
Research Hypotheses:
1. H1: Increased public expenditure promotes innovation.
2. H2: Bureaucratic inefficiencies reduce innovation outputs.
3. H3: Targeted reforms improve technological performance.
Significance of the Study (100 words):
This study provides critical insights into the role of public expenditure in fostering technological innovation in Lagos State. Its findings will inform policy reforms aimed at optimizing spending, reducing inefficiencies, and strengthening the digital economy, thereby promoting sustainable economic growth (Chukwu, 2025).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
The study is limited to Lagos State from 2010–2020, focusing on technology expenditure and innovation metrics. Limitations include potential data gaps and policy changes over time.
Definitions of Terms:
1. Public Expenditure: Government spending on services and infrastructure.
2. Technological Innovation: The development and implementation of new technologies.
3. Lagos State: A Nigerian state serving as the case study.
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